Tcl tutorial for Begineers

Initially, we should get ns or tcl shell installed to work with tcl script. 

If you didn't install ns2, click here for the installation procedure. Else, follow the tutorial. 

After installing ns-2, type ns in terminal. Then, there appears % symbol, which symbolizes the invokement of tcl shell script.

Note(optional): TCL scripting individually can be practiced with in Linux system with tcl shell scripting.

NS-2 Network Simulator

For the latest information about the ns Network Simulator, go to the ns manual ay http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/  or http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-documentation.html .

For examples, go to the downloaded ns package folder at ns-2/tcl/ex. In addition, other tutorials include the Marc Greis’s tutorial and the tutorial by Jae Chung - Mark Claypool.

Ns simulator is based on two languages: C++ as the back-end and the oTcl (object-oriented version of tool command language, tcl) as the front-end. NS is a discrete event simulator, where the advance of time depends on the timing of events, which are maintained by a scheduler.

Some Esssential Commands List:

ns – command to verify the installation of tcl shell script and ns network simulator

ns-version – command to return the ns version

ns-random – command to return a random number, uniformly distributed between [0-(2³¹-1)].

ns-random var – var  is used to set the seed to random number generator. 

MannaSim Script generator framework installation procedure

MannaSim framework

• It is the Script generator used mainly for wireless sensor network research.
• It was written in TCL and C++ for NS-2 network simulator. 
• It is used for creating TCL scripts for the front-end activity done in MannaSim framework GUI.

MannaSim Installation: 

It can be installed in two ways: 

1. Installing Mannasim patch   (easier method)

2. Using Mannasim Source code

Method 1 - Installing Mannasim patch:

• This is easier way for installing Mannsim; 
• But, ensure that you didn't modify the ns-2 distribution files. At the time of writing this blog, the ns-2 distribution is with version 2.29.

Step 1: Click here to download ns-2.29 all-in-one package from ns site.
Step 2: Click here to download MannaSim Framework ns-2.29 patch.
Step 3: Type the following command on the ns-allinone-2.29 folder:

patch -p1 < file_name.diff

Step 4: Install ns-2.29 as usual typing ns-allinone-2.29 folder:

./install

Method 2 - Using Mannasim Source Code:

Step 1: Download Manasim.tar.gz file
Step 2: untar the file by typing

tar zxvf manasim.tar.gz

Step 3: A new folder titles manasim with appear. copy that file and paste it in /home/usernname/ns2.35-allinone/ns.2.35/
Step 4: Open the mansim folder. Then, go to ns-modified-files folder. There you can find a few files.
Copy the files from the ns-modified-files/ to these locations:

ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/apps/udp.cc

ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/common/ns-process.h

ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/common/packet.cc

ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/common/packet.h

ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/Makefile.in

ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/tcl/lib/ns-default.tcl

ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/tcl/lib/ns-lib.tcl

Step 5:Then, go to /home/username/ns2.35-allinone/ns2.35
Then, type each command at terminal

$ ./configure

$ make

After installing and configuring using either of the methods above, to open the GUI, java is essential. So, to install java, run the following commands in terminal:

sudo apt-get install java
sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk

IEEE 802 Standards List

List of the IEEE 802 Standards and Working Groups

IEEE 802.1     Higher Layer LAN Protocols Working Group dealing with Bridging (networking and Network Management. 

IEEE 802.2     Logical Link Control

IEEE 802.3     Ethernet Working Group

IEEE 802.4     Token Bus

IEEE 802.5    Token Ring MAC protocol definitions

IEEE 802.6    early  MANs (Dual queue dual bus)

IEEE 802.7     Broadband LAN using Coaxial Cable

IEEE 802.8     Fiber Optic TAG

IEEE 802.9     Integrated Services LAN (ISLAN or isochronous Ethernet)

IEEE 802.10   Inter-operable(vurtual) LANs and security

IEEE 802.11   Wireless LAN & Mesh (Wi-Fi certification) Group
        IEEE 802.11a 
        IEEE 802.11b
        IEEE 802.11g
        IEEE 802.11n
        IEEE 802.11ac
        IEEE 802.11ad
        IEEE 802.11af
        IEEE 802.11ai
        IEEE 802.11aj
        IEEE 802.11aq
        IEEE 802.11ax

IEEE  802.12  Demand priority (HP's AnyLAN)100BaseVG

IEEE 802.13   Fast Ethernet Development

IEEE 802.14   Cable Modems

IEEE 802.15   Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) Working Group

         IEEE 802.15.1     Bluetooth Certification

         IEEE 802.15.2     IEEE 802.15 and IEEE 802.11 coexistence

         IEEE 802.15.3     High-Rate Wireless PANs; eg: Ultra Wide Band(UWB),..

         IEEE 802.15.4     Low-Rate Wireless PANs; eg: Zigbee, WirelessHART, MiWi,..

         IEEE 802.15.5     Mesh networking for WPAN

         IEEE 802.15.6     Body Area Network (BAN)

IEEE 802.16   Broadband Wireless Access (Wimax certification)

         IEEE 802.16.1 Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS) 

IEEE 802.17   Resilient Packet Ring

IEEE 802.18   Radio Regulatory TAG

IEEE 802.19   Wireless Coexistence Working Group     

IEEE 802.20   Mobile Broadband Wireless Access
IEEE 802.21   Media Independent Handoff Services Working Group
IEEE 802.22  Wireless Regional Area Network
IEEE 802.23  Emergency Services Working Group
IEEE 802.24  Smart Grid TAG
IEEE 802.25  Omni-Range Area Network

Terminal based drop box installation Procedure

How to install dropbox from terminal in Ubuntu 12/13/14

Dropbox is a cloud which became a handy-tool, especially for researches, to store online their research work. 
The demand was further enriched with the closure of ubuntuOne, which used to be favorite online cloud storage.

Here follows the procedure for the installation of dropbox:

Step 1: For 32 bit machines:

 cd ~ && wget -O - "https://www.dropbox.com/download?plat=lnx.x86" | tar xzf -

For 64 bit machines:

cd ~ && wget -O - "https://www.dropbox.com/download?plat=lnx.x86_64" | tar xzf -

Step 2: Next, run the Dropbox daemon from the newly created .dropbox-dist folder.
~/.dropbox-dist/dropboxd
 

NOte: This procedure was tested on Ubuntu 12.04,Also, this procedure will work on any another Linux.

shortcut virus remover for USB (pen) drives

Problem:SHORTCUT VIRUS
If you are facing the problem of all (or partially) files in your portable USB drive becoming shortcuts, then here is a one step solution for any TechLAYMANs.
Note: Don't click the shortcut file directly, before this solution.

solution 1:traditional solution
Step 1: Download this portable shortcut virus remover file.
             This is java file. So, it works on all operating systems
Step 2: Place this downloaded file in the effected USB drive.
Step 3: click on it to run, and then give Enter.



solution 2: Terminal based solution

Step1: press windows key+R, enter cmd, then enter. Then, Command prompt will open.
Step2: Initially find the effected removable drive alphabet (E or F or G,...).
            Then type E: (for Removable drive E),then give enter.....Now, you will go to that drive.
Step 3: type attrib -r -s -h *.* /s /d, followed by enter.
Step 4:  Then type del *.lnk
     
        Now the pen(usb) drive is ready to use.

WOW! the simplest process completely recovers your missing data. Have fun!!!


For any further doubts, mail me.

NS 2 installation in ubuntu 12 or 13 or !4

NS 2 install procedure in ubuntu 12 or 13   each step by step copy and past at terminal  follwing..

1  sudo apt-get update

2  sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake libxmu-dev

3 tar zxvf ns-allinone-2.35.tar.gz    (This is to extract the tar.gz file into a folder)

4 sudo apt-get install gedit 

 5 cd ns-allinone-2.35
                   go to cd /home/ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/linkstate/ls.h
                   then, open ls.h file
edit file go to line 137 relpce this below
""
void eraseAll() { this-> erase(baseMap::begin(), baseMap::en
"" 

6 ./install    
    
7 gedit .bashrc

add path 

export PATH=$PATH:/home/username/ns-allinone-2.35/bin:/home/username/ns-allinone-2.35/tcl8.5.10/unix:/home/username/ns-allinone-2.35/tk8.5.10/unix
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/username/ns-allinone-2.35/otcl-

8 source .bashrc

9 ns 
get % it is installed

Note: when add path replace your pc username instead of username